Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Randomized assignment of participants

Non-randomized study design

Full economic evaluation

 • Report on both costs and consequences of implementation strategies

Partial economic evaluation

 • Report costs without reference to outcomes

Primary study

 • Trial-based economic evaluation

Study reporting on secondary or non-empirical data

 • Economic modelling study without trial-based economic evaluation

 • Systematic review and meta-analysis

 • Qualitative Study, text and opinion paper, methodology paper, book review, letter, protocol, and conference abstract

Adequately* describe the implementation strategy or strategies being used

Only describes interventions without reference to the implementation strategies employed

Test the effect of implementation strategies on implementation outcomes

 • Types II and III effectiveness implementation hybrid trials

Report on implementation strategies without testing their effect on implementation outcomes

 • Type I effectiveness-implementation hybrid trials

Human patients or participants within a clinical setting

 • Primary, secondary, or tertiary care settings

 • Digital intervention in conjunction with a health professional

Animal study and human study within a community or non-health sector

 • School setting

 • Digital health intervention solely outside of the clinical setting and without linkage with a health professional